Condamnarea comunismului in viziunea Ambasadei SUA
Citesc cu enorm interes ce scria ambasada SUA despre condamnarea comunismului si despre propriile mele opinii reflectate in intalnirea cu ambasadorul Nicholas Taubman care a avut curand dupa sedinta celor doua camere ale Parlamentului. Tin minte ca eram impreuna cu sotia mea Mary si cu fiul nostru Adam. In acea sedinta solemna Adam se aflase sus, in balcon, impreuna cu Mary, cu Horia Patapievici, Mircea Mihaies, Gabriel Liiceanu, Andrei Plesu, Dragos si Cristina Petrescu, Cristian Vasile, Smaranda Vultur. A trait pe viu huliganismul peremist. A facut o serie de desene pe care le am, marturia unui copil de 11 ani despre un moment pe care nu-l va uita niciodata. Cand ne-am intalnit cu ambasadorul Taubman eram inca socati. Un soc ce-mi revine in memorie, la fel de acut ca atunci, in decembrie 2006. Ceea ce nu m-a impiedicat sa evaluez, sper, cu acuratete semnificatiile profunde ale acelor clipe istorice.
Momentul 18 decembrie 2006 a fost o despartire a apelor in cultura politica a Romaniei post-totalitare. Sublim si revoltator, curajos si deprimant. Sublim si curajos pentru ca, in pofida isteriei vadimiote, aprobata de pesedisti si tolerata de penelisti, nemaivorbind de zambetul satasfacut al lui Dan Voiculescu, presedintele Traian Basescu si-a tinut calm discursul si a condamnat regimul comunist ca ilegitim si criminal. La vremea aceea Dan Tapalaga a scris un articol extraordinar despre urletele fiarei injunghiate. Fiara a fost lovita puternic, dar nu a incetat sa otraveasca spatiul public, sa se zvarcoleasca cu furie si perfidie. Din pacate, nici fortele democratice nu au actionat cu tenacitatea de care ar fi fost nevoie. Intarzie multe din legile propuse in recomandarile “Raportului Final”. Intarzie adoptarea legii privind zilele comemorative pentru victimele comunismului si fascismului (propunerea IICCMER a fost adoptata de guvern, sa vedem ce se va intampla in Parlament). Intarzie aducerea la zi a Legii Recunostintei care sa-i includa pe minerii anticomunisti care au declansat greva din august 1977 din Valea Jiului si au fost prigoniti apoi de regimul comunist. Intarizie infiintarea Muzeului National al Dictaturii Comuniste. Dar, cu toate aceste frustrante intarzieri, Romania de dupa 18 decembrie 2006 este diferita de aceea de dinainte. A fost atunci marcata prin vocea cea mai autorizata a statului democratic romanesc ruptura definitiva si irevocabila cu statul comunist.
Intr-o telegramă din decembrie 2006, Ambasada SUA de la București descrie ședința parlamentară de condamnare a comunismului și citirea raportului Tismăneanu de către Băsescu. Cu această ocazie, funcționarii diplomatici americani de la București notează că Geoană a pierdut ocazia să se distanțeze de Ion Iliescu, un fost comunist, dar și că Titus Corlățean a spus Ambasadei că Văcăroiu nu a liniștit sala pentru că îi era frică pentru securitatea lui fizică. În finalul telegramei se pomenește și o întîlnire privată a lui Cristian Tudor Popescu cu diplomații americani, în care jurnalistul spune că e prieten de 20 de ani cu Geoană, dar că acesta din urmă își face rău și are aceeași problemă ca întotdeauna: e șovăielnic (pasaj original: “As Christian Tudor Popescu, one of Romania’s top media figures, told us privately a few days after the Parliamentary session: “I have been friends with Mircea (Geoana) for twenty years, but he hurt himself. It is the same problem as always — he is indecisive.””)
DECL: 12/19/2016
TAGS: PGOV, PREL, SOCI, RO
SUBJECT: BREAKING WITH THE PAST: PRESIDENT BASESCU ISSUES FORMAL CONDEMNATION OF COMMUNIST RULE IN ROMANIA
Classified By: PolCouns Ted Tanoue for Reasons 1.4 (b) and (d).
1. (C) Summary. At a special parliamentary session, President Traian Basescu publicly condemned the communist regime that ruled the country between 1945 and 1989 as &illegitimate and criminal8 and tendered a formal apology to its victims. The event marked the release of a report drafted by a presidential commission headed by U.S. political scientist Vladimir Tismaneanu on the crimes committed under communist rule. The event was marred by disruptive tactics on the part of Corneliu Vadim Tudor’s extremist nationalist PRM with the tacit support of the Social Democrat PSD. Analysts and the public generally agree that this was a long-overdue break with the past in a country that for years after the 1989 Revolution remained in the grip of former communists.Basescu’s embrace of the anti-communist agenda has discomfited opposition PSD head Mircea Geoana since it forced him to close ranks behind former leader Iliescu rather than adopt a more forward-looking reformist stance. End Summary.
2. (SBU) In a week when Romanians commemorated the 17th anniversary of the December 1989 overthrow of Nicolae Ceausescu, President Traian Basescu presided over a special parliamentary session on December 18 that categorically condemned the communist period in Romania. Characterizing the communist epoch as “illegitimate and criminal,” Basescu said communism had robbed Romania of five decades of modern history. He added that the communist system was based on repression, intimidation, humiliation and corruption, and he tendered a formal apology on behalf of the Romanian state to the victims of the communist dictatorship.
3. (SBU) The session marked the release of a 663-page report of the Presidential Commission for the Study of Communist Dictatorship in Romania. Established in April 2006 and led by Romanian-born U.S. political scientist Vladimir Tismaneanu, the commission included prominent writers, historians, and sociologists including many leading dissidents from the communist period. Following the major themes of the report, Basescu described a litany of crimes of the communist regime including, inter alia: abandoning national interests in ceding control of Romania to the Soviet Union in 1945; destruction of competing political parties; liquidation of pre-communist elites; persecution of ethnic, religious, cultural and sexual minorities and peasants who opposed collectivization; forced deportations; harsh reprisals following anti-communist protests in 1956, 1977, and 1987; Ceausescu’s demographic policies; and the massacre of citizens during the December 1989 revolution.
4. (SBU) Basescu also endorsed several follow-up steps recommended by the commission, including establishing a Memorial Day and national monument for the victims of communist repression and construction of a National Museum of the Communist Dictatorship. He also agreed on the need to nullify politically-based criminal sentences and to restore citizenship to individuals expelled by the communist regime. Basescu endorsed access to communist-period archives and the creation of a textbook on the communist period, based on the commission report. However, Basescu refused to urge parliament to adopt a lustration law as recommended by the report’s authors.
5. (SBU) The commission report also named prominent perpetrators, including former communist party leaders Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej and Nicolae Ceausescu, and listed Ion Iliescu, former secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist party and a Minister of Youth in the early 1970s, as a leading “communist ideologist.” Iliescu was a central figure of post-1989 transition, serving as President from 1989-96 and 2000-04 and was a founder (and now honorary president) of the opposition Social Democratic Party (PSD). The report also noted that the “golden age” of Ceausescu,s leadership was supported by a vast propaganda apparatus including “court poets” Adrian Paunescu and Corneliu Vadim Tudor–both prominent figures in post-1989 Romanian politics. Paunescu is now a senior PSD senator, and Tudor heads the extreme nationalist Greater Romania Party (PRM).
6. (C) Several political parties with lineages linked to the communist regime–including the PRM, PSD, and Conservative Party (led by ex-Securitate agent Dan Voiculescu), denounced the report as a “political” document expressing the point of view of the President and not the views of the Romanian parliament. During the hour-long presidential address, PRM members orchestrated from the Parliament’s floor by Tudor booed, blew whistles, and shouted catcalls in an attempt to drown out the President’s speech. The PRM’s disruptive tactics appeared to have the tacit support of Senate Speaker Nicolae Vacaroiu (PSD), who declined to call parliament to order or eject the troublemakers. (note: in a conversation with PolCouns, PSD Secretary General Corlatean reiterated his party’s opposition to the report, arguing that Basescu had attempted to split the PSD by trying to force its new leadership to side against Iliescu. Corlatean insisted–somewhat disingenuously–that Vacaroiu did not restore order in the Senate chambers because “he feared for his own personal safety.”)
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